Discovering Khamseh and Bakhtiari nomads - 14 Days

Khamseh nomads:

The tribes and nomads of Persia are defined and identified in 3 tribes:

1- Khamseh tribes 2- Qashqai Turkic tribe 3- Kohkiluyeh tribe

The nomads of Khamseh tribes consist of 5 tribes which include 1- Arab tribe 2- Basri tribe (Persian language) 3- Baharloo tribe (Turkish language) 4- Inanlu tribe (Turkish language) 5- Nufar tribe (Turkish language).

In 1275 AH, Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar in the Persian province organized the Khamseh tribes led by the Arab tribe.

The Khamseh Arab tribes:

The Arab tribe of Khamseh Fars tribes is composed of the Arab tribes of Jabbar and Arab Sheibani.

Jabbar Arab tribe:

The Arab people consider Jabbar to be a descendant of a person named Sheikh Jinnah, a descendant of Jabir bin Abdullah Ansari. This person probably entered Iran long after the establishment of the Sheibani Arabs in the early days of the Safavid government and settled in the Persian region and joined the Sheibani tribe.

Tribes organized by the Arab tribe of Jabbar according to the book of Persian nomads written by J. Demourini, a French jurist in 1913:

Al-Saadi clan, Abu al-Ghani, Pira-e-Islami, Sadat Hosseini, Shiri, Abu al-Mohammadi, Borbour, Bohloli, Jabri, Hanai, Qarizi, Orbaz, Bezsorkhi, Tati, Jahaki, Saghari, Qarqashti, Darban , Shahsoon, Isaei, Ghanbari, Naqdali, Abu Sharaf (Labusharf), Darazi, Shabani Vol.

Supplement to the tribes of Jabbar tribe, quoting from the book of events of the five Khamseh tribes:

Kuchi tribe – Azizi – Labarduni – Sadat Atashi – Sadat Al Ali – Sadat Mousavi – Shahsavari – Chahar Benicheh – Labuhosseini

Arab Sheibani tribe:

Dr. Sirus Parham writes that the history of the Arab tribe of Persia (Jabbar and Sheibani Arab tribe) is more or less clear from the Safavid era. In 1298 AH, the rule of the Arab tribes outside the Arab family and against the policy of the Qajar government, which sold cities and villages and commanded the tribes to wealthy and influential families, the rule of the Arab tribes fell to the Qavami family. It should be noted that until 1307, the Iranian army and military forces were supplied by tribes and nomads, and this increased the attention of Iranian rulers to the control of nomads.

According to the history of Iran and the beginning of Islam, the Sheibani clan (led by Muthanna Ibn Haritha Sheibani) and the Khara’i tribe entered the land of Khorasan as the vanguard of the conquest of Iran. In the events after the weakness of the Abbasids, the Khaza’i clan supported the Tahir al-Aymani in supporting the Tahir al-Aymani. Khazaei deployed his forces in the area of ​​activity of this government (current regions of Khorasan – Kerman – Yazd – Sistan and Nimroz province of Afghanistan). It should be noted that after the defeat of the Taherians by Yaqub Saffari, the expansion of the Arabs in the form of Saffariyya military forces in Fars province also increased.

It is worth mentioning that during the rule of the Umayyads and the Abbasids, the Khaza’i tribe was one of the enemies of these governments due to their interest in the Ahl al-Bayt.

 Inainlu tribe

It is one of the five tribes of Khamseh. This tribe came to Iran from Turkestan in the 13th century AD and settled in Persia. When Shah Abbas I formed the Shahsoon tribe, part of the Inainlu tribe joined this new tribe.

Baharloo tribe

They are a branch of Shamloo tribes that had seven tribes and were left out of the war of Amir Timur Khalas and Shah Ismail by Seyyed Sadr al-Din. In the past, this tribe traveled and traveled. Their summer place was in Beiza and Ramjard and their winter place was in Darab city.

Since the language of all of them is Turkish, their origin must be from the Turkestan tribes that came to Iran during the reign of the Seljuk and Mongol rulers and stopped in Persia. As a tribe from the Turkic tribes of Kharazm plain is called Baharloo until now, the winter solstice of this desert tribe of God wanted Larestan and the location of Darab was the summer of those areas of Ramjard, Marvdasht and Kamin.

Basri tribe

Khamseh is one of the five tribes of the Basri tribe. This tribe has been bordering and neighboring since the time of the former Arab Bailey, and the ruler of the Basri tribe of the Arab tribe is both the same.

Nafard tribe

The Nafard tribe lives in the Gross region. The head of this tribe was during the reign of Nader Shah Afshar Haj Hussein Khan, and since he was an influential person and had a special reputation in the time of the sultans, the name of this tribe is derived from his name. The Nafar tribe is one of the five tribes that form the Khamseh tribes.

Spoken language of Khamseh nomads:

The dialect of the Arab tribes in Fars province is Arabic, which over time, due to socializing with Persian residents, many Persian words have found their way into it, and after passing from Hernsley to another generation, its eloquence has decreased and gradually faded. What has preserved the Arabic dialect and the main framework of the Khamseh Arabic language is the Arabic verbs because the nouns have changed over time, but the verbs have remained intact and many words and dialects are used in comparison with the Arabic language of the Arab countries.

Khamseh nomadic culture

Although the busyness of machine life these days has infiltrated nomadic life and machine migration has given way to the traditional migration of previous years, but traces of traditional and tribal life can still be seen among the nomadic tribes of Khamseh that show the depth of culture and traditional life of nomads in this climate. .

Cultural features of Khamseh nomads are undoubtedly one of the most important tourist attractions of this province in attracting various Iranian and foreign tourists, including customs, music and handicrafts.

Fars, which is the ancient cradle of cultural customs and rituals of Iran, is a place for nomads and nomads to live and go to the summer and winter of the tribes. Throughout history, Persian nomads have been the founders of the rich culture in the land of Persia, and part of the culture of the tribes is reflected in their way of life.

Music

The manifestation of the wants and needs of a tribe or a people can be seen practically in the music of that people. The music of a tribe, like everything else, has a special color and shape, and as simple as it is, it is beautiful and charming. Although this music has not been able to get rid of the grief and sorrow, but in many songs, especially dance and ballad songs, it has completely retained its long-standing vivacity.

Reed, instrument and drum are instruments that have a special place in the music of Khamseh and Qashqai tribes and some of them are usually used in happy rituals and even in mourning.

Nomadic clothes

The local clothes of Persian nomadic men and women also have special attractions and its fame has spread to distant lands and today it has become one of the most important cultural attractions.

Handicrafts

 The handicraft products of Persian nomads are also world famous. Among the Persian nomads, carpet weaving is still the most beautiful handicraft, which is a mixture of work, effort and art that is woven by the hardworking hands of nomadic women.

Gabbeh weaving, like carpet weaving, is one of the nomadic weaves. Gabbeh is a manifestation of the beauty of the freshness and happiness of nomadic life, which, like the colored shirts of the women of the tribe, contains a wave of happy colors of nature.

The structure of the Khamseh tribe

Household: A group that lives under a tent and spends more time together and eats at the same table.

Bonco: A multi-family complex called Bonco.

family : A collection of several Bonco called family.

 Tribe: A collection of several clans called tribe.

Eil: A collection of several tribes called Eil.

yeylagh (summer solstice) is a place where spring and summer nomads live

Gheshlagh (winter solstice) is a place where autumn and winter nomads live

Fars province is located in the south of Iran and is bordered by Isfahan province in the north and Hormozgan province in the south, Kerman province in the east and Bushehr, Kilokiyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces in the west. Its area is 133,000 square kilometers and along the Zagros Mountains, it forms a mountainous and temperate region. It has interconnected mountains and impassable passes in the north and northwest and scattered mountains and fertile plains in the south and southeast. Satiety and tropics are divided, and the presence of rivers and springs in valleys and foothills has caused many greenery and natural meadows in various parts of Persia, which has attracted tribes and nomads in terms of livestock.

In this trip, we intend to accompany the Persian nomads. Get to know the people of these tribes. Travel with them to experience their beautiful life. Talk to them at night in the tent and enjoy their funny stories. Let’s try the special and delicious foods of these tribes. This trip is planned focusing on Khamseh and Qashqai tribes, along with historical and beautiful monuments of Iran.