Dolatabad Garden is one of the old gardens of Yazd in Iran. The windbreak mansion with a height of 33.8 meters is the tallest brick windbreak known in the world.
Dolatabad Garden in Yazd was built at the end of the Afshari period and in 1160 AH by Ali Rezaian Sabbagh known as (the great khan) who was the head of the Khan family of Yazd. Ali first built a 65-kilometer-long aqueduct and delivered water from Mehriz to Yazd and the current location of the Dolatabad Garden, and then built his own government complex (Dar al-Hukuma). This garden with an area of about 70,000 square meters includes many buildings, basins and fountains, in the space between which there are gardens with pomegranate and grape trees and many gardens to decorate the environment.
The huge historical aqueduct of Dolatabad, which is more than 200 years old, consists of five aqueducts and originated from the heights of Mehriz. After drinking a part of Mehriz lands and using several water mills, it reached Yazd for more than 50 km and the garden. But the garden is currently being irrigated by a nearby semi-deep well.
This garden consists of two general parts, inner and outer (front of the house).
From the point of view of functional typology, Dolatabad is a “residential-governmental” garden. In a way, the outer garden has been the place of government ceremonies, sports ceremonies and administration of city affairs, and the inner garden has been considered as the private and residential part of the complex. In residential-government gardens, the inner realm was completely differentiated from the other realms, and even a doorman or guard was appointed to oversee it.
The inner part where the ruler and his family lived included the following buildings. Porch building, harem, religious paradise, kitchen, watchtower, water storage, stables
The building (mansion) of the vestibule is one of the most important parts of the complex, in which the combination of air and water flow is done in the most beautiful way. In this building, by combining wind and water that is flowing in the courtyards of the building, cool air is transferred from under the windbreak to the royal part and the halls. For this reason, this building is also called the summer building.
This building consists of three royal residences with lattice doors, a windbreak chamber, a vestibule and two closets.
The roof of the middle part (porch) has a beautiful use that is the work of Haji Ali Akbar Akhund, which has been executed very skillfully with mud wire and gypsum brewing.
Application: The part of the boundary between the quadrilateral plan to the point where the stem of the dome starts from, if it occurs from the intersection of sub-arches, is called application. In other words, functionalization is a type of cover consisting of arches with definite arches that intersect each other under geometric rules and form the main slate of the cover. Applications consist of beams or slats of arches from the intersection of which form the skeleton of the roof covering, and are often in the form of a second and shorter roof skeleton than the main roof, and are sometimes used as the main roof.
We see a complete example of use in the fourth century AH in the dome of the Nain Mosque. In the third century AH, in the Shiraz Grand Mosque, we come across an example that, although it is not used, it is completely similar to used and it is a prelude to start using it. We also see the form of patkaneh (arch) which is a prelude to the beginning of use in the third century AH in the tomb of Amir Ismail Samani in Bukhara. Examples of use in the fifth century include the use of the eastern nave of the dome of Khajeh Nizam-ol-Molk in the Grand Mosque of Isfahan. The beginning of the seventh century coincides with the Mongol invasion of Iran and its many destructions, followed by the urgent need to build to meet the urgent and urgent needs. Therefore, for the master, it is neither a boredom nor an opportunity to deal with artistic delicacy in structures. As a result, a uniform design must be promoted that can be implemented as a template in a large number of structures without any defects or defects. Here, the application is a solution and a knot, and in response to this necessity and urgency, it comes to the fore. It seems that Karbandi first started in the south and center of Iran and gradually went to Samarkand, Bukhara and Khorasan by architects such as Ghavamuddin Shirazi and his son Ghiasuddin during the Timurid period and gradually spread throughout Iran. One of the reasons for the prevalence of use in central and southern Iran was the existence of main structures such as soil suitable for the production of raw clay and carcass stone, which was found in sufficient quantities and in abundance in those areas.
