A Persian carpet or Persian rug also known as Iranian carpet, is a heavy textile made for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purposes and produced in Iran (historically known as Persia), for home use, local sale, and export. Carpet weaving is an essential part of Persian culture and Iranian art. Within the group of Oriental rugs produced by the countries of the so-called “rug belt”, the Persian carpet stands out by the variety and elaborateness of its manifold designs.
Persian carpets and rugs of various types were woven in parallel by nomadic tribes, in village and town workshops, and by royal court manufactories alike. As such, they represent different, simultaneous lines of tradition, and reflect the history of Iran and its various peoples. The carpets woven in the Safavid court manufactories of Isfahan during the sixteenth century are famous for their elaborate colours and artistical design, and are treasured in museums and private collections all over the world today. Their patterns and designs have set an artistic tradition for court manufactories which was kept alive during the entire duration of the Persian Empire up to the last royal dynasty of Iran.
Carpets woven in towns and regional centers like Tabriz, Kerman, Mashhad, Kashan, Isfahan, Nain and Qom are characterized by their specific weaving techniques and use of high-quality materials, colours and patterns.
afshan
In this way, the flowers, leaves and branches are scattered in the text of the carpet in a scattered and unconnected manner, and perhaps, unlike other carpets, the components and shapes are not connected and related. That is why the principle of such a plan is called Afshan. But in Afshan design, a lot of variety and change has been given and many sub-designs have branched out.
Eslimi
The main shape of this design is rotating branches among the leaves, which are usually taken from trees and plants. Eslami has many types and this pattern is usually repeated in most formats. The most famous Islami is the torpedo mouth Islami. In this type of Islamic branch, the end of each branch is divided into two symmetrical parts and is shown as a dragon jaw, and on the stem of the branches, buds are decorated in different places, most of which are called Slim.
Paisley
These designs are Sarkaj carpets of Iran, which are known as Jaqeh. There are different sizes and shapes in the designs of bushes.
Tree
Despite the fact that in the design and design of Iranian carpets, plants and trees have always been used in an abstract way, in this type of carpet, the design tries to be very similar to the tree and of course. In most of the designs of this group, small and large trees and shrubs, especially individually, form the main composition and are combined with other components.
Hunting
In most hunting plans, wild animals are hunted, but in general, there are specifications for tree designs mentioned in hunting plans.
Brick
This design is made of polygonal frames
Turkmen
The design of Turkmen carpets in terms of geometry and broken lines is in the line of tribal and special designs of nomadic people, which is woven mentally and without a pattern.
Ahashghaei
These designs have been among the oldest and most original designs in Iranian carpet weaving and are the product of the minds of local carpet weavers in such a way that they reflected their nature and living environment in the simplest way in the design of these carpets. From the characteristics of these maps, it can be said that they do not follow a regular and codified map and have a pleasant beauty
